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Table 1 Characteristics of 862 ESCC patients with or without T2DM

From: Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on short-term and long-term outcomes of patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer undergoing resection: a propensity score analysis

Characteristic Before matching After matching
No. of cases (%) With T2DM (%) Without T2DM (%) P valuea No. of cases (%) With T2DM (%) Without T2DM (%) P valuea
Age (years)     0.012     0.499
 ≤ 45 48 (5.6) 4 (1.4) 44 (7.6)   13 (2.3) 4 (1.4) 9 (3.2)  
 46–59 370 (42.9) 112 (40.0) 258 (44.3)   225 (40.2) 112 (40.0) 113 (40.4)  
 ≥ 60 444 (51.5) 164 (58.6) 280 (48.1)   322 (57.5) 164 (58.6) 158 (56.4)  
Sex     0.024     0.330
 Female 224 (26.0) 92 (32.9) 132 (22.7)   195 (34.8) 92 (32.9) 103 (36.8)  
 Male 638 (74.0) 188 (67.1) 450 (77.3)   365 (65.2) 188 (67.1) 177 (63.2)  
Smoking status     < 0.001     0.798
 Yes 362 (42.0) 160 (57.1) 202 (34.7)   317 (56.6) 160 (57.1) 157 (56.1)  
 No 500 (58.0) 120 (42.9) 380 (65.3)   243 (43.4) 120 (42.9) 123 (43.9)  
Drinking status     0.060     0.754
 Yes 638 (74.0) 224 (80.0) 414 (71.1)   445 (79.5) 224 (80.0) 221 (78.9)  
 No 224 (26.0) 56 (20.0) 168 (28.9)   115 (20.5) 56 (20.0) 59 (21.1)  
Weight loss rate     0.705     0.976
 0 474 (55.0) 144 (51.4) 330 (56.7)   292 (52.1) 144 (51.4) 148 (52.9)  
 > 0% to ≤ 5% 152 (17.6) 56 (20.0) 96 (16.5)   102 (36.4) 56 (20.0) 46 (16.4)  
 > 5% to ≤ 10% 182 (21.1) 60 (21.4) 122 (21.0)   126 (22.5) 60 (21.4) 66 (23.6)  
 > 10% 54 (6.3) 20 (7.2) 34 (5.8)   40 (7.1) 20 (7.1) 20 (7.1)  
BMI (kg/m2)     0.006     0.409
 < 18.5 76 (8.8) 8 (2.9) 68 (11.7)   34 (6.0) 8 (2.9) 26 (9.3)  
 ≥ 18.5 to < 25.0 622 (72.2) 208 (74.3) 414 (71.1)   393 (70.2) 208 (74.3) 185 (66.1)  
 ≥ 25.0 164 (19.0) 64 (22.8) 100 (17.2)   133 (23.8) 64 (22.9) 69 (24.6)  
Tumor location     0.052     0.590
 Upper 58 (6.7) 20 (7.1) 38 (6.5)   34 (6.0) 20 (7.1) 14 (5.0)  
 Middle 560 (65.0) 160 (57.2) 400 (68.7)   337 (60.2) 160 (57.1) 177 (63.2)  
 Lower 244 (28.3) 100 (35.7) 144 (24.8)   189 (33.8) 100 (35.7) 89 (31.8)  
Tumor grade     0.206     0.992
 G1 232 (26.9) 80 (28.6) 152 (26.1)   148 (26.4) 80 (28.6) 68 (24.3)  
 G2 386 (44.8) 120 (42.8) 266 (45.7)   264 (47.2) 120 (42.9) 144 (51.4)  
 G3 244 (28.3) 80 (28.6) 164 (28.2)   148 (26.4) 80 (28.5) 68 (24.3)  
pT category     0.231     0.236
 T1 48 (5.6) 8 (2.9) 40 (6.9)   18 (3.2) 8 (2.9) 10 (3.6)  
 T2 232 (26.9) 76 (27.1) 156 (26.8)   163 (29.1) 76 (27.1) 87 (31.1)  
 T3 582 (67.5) 196 (70.0) 386 (66.3)   379 (67.7) 196 (70.0) 183 (65.3)  
pN category     0.284     0.870
 N0 476 (55.2) 144 (51.4) 332 (57.1)   285 (50.9) 144 (51.4) 141 (50.4)  
 N1 242 (28.1) 80 (28.6) 162 (27.8)   172 (30.7) 80 (28.6) 92 (32.8)  
 N2 124 (14.4) 52 (18.6) 72 (12.4)   96 (17.1) 52 (18.6) 44 (15.7)  
 N3 20 (2.3) 4 (1.4) 16 (2.7)   7 (1.3) 4 (1.4) 3 (1.1)  
pTNM stage     0.161     0.947
 Stage I 46 (5.3) 8 (2.9) 38 (6.5)   20 (3.6) 8 (2.9) 12 (4.3)  
 Stage II 450 (52.2) 140 (50.0) 310 (53.3)   273 (48.7) 140 (50.0) 133 (47.5)  
 Stage III 366 (42.5) 132 (47.1) 234 (40.2)   267 (47.7) 132 (47.1) 135 (48.2)  
Complication
 None 718 (83.3) 216 (77.1) 502 (86.3) 0.018 458 (81.8) 216 (77.1) 242 (86.4) 0.004
 Anastomotic leakage 82 (9.5) 48 (17.1) 34 (5.8) 0.001 60 (10.7) 48 (17.1) 12 (4.3) < 0.0001
 Pneumonia 32 (3.7) 8 (2.9) 24 (4.1) 0.515 22 (3.9) 8 (2.9) 14 (5.0) 0.192
 Othersb 30 (3.5) 8 (2.9) 22 (3.8) 0.624 20 (3.6) 8 (2.9) 12 (4.3) 0.363
Total 862 280 582   560 280 280  
  1. ESCC esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; Non-DM patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI body mass index, pT pathological tumor, pN pathological node, pTNM stage pathological tumor/node/metastasis
  2. a Chi square test or Fisher’s exact test
  3. b Other complications include surgical wound infection, chyle leakage, cardiac complications, and cerebral infarction
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